Computing and listing machine



Jan. 30, 1945. M. LLORENS COMPUTING AND LISTING MACHINE I 1937 7 Sheets-Sheet l FIG.|

mvzrrron LLORENS LOUIS .M.

Original Filed Aug. 14

BYWI

ATTOR NEYS Jan. 30, 1945. L LLORENS 2,368,311

COMPUTING AND LISTING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 14, 1937 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 mvzu'roa LOUIS M. LLORENS mm BY f ATTORNEYS Jan. 30, 1945. LLORENS 2,368,311

COMPUTING AND LISTING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 14, I937 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR LO UlS M. LLORENS TTORNEYJ Jan. 30, 1945.

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m 00- NO- INVENTOR LOUIS M. LLORENS &" 3, u By Mn- Nmm ATTORNEYS COMPUTING AND LISTING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 14, 1937 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR LOUIS M. LL ORENS ATTORNEYS Jan. 30, 1945. I L. M. LLORENS 2,368,311

COMPUTING AND LISTING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 14, 1937 '7 Sheets-Sheet 6 FIG. 9

INVENTOR LOUIS M. LLORENS ATTORNEYS Jan. 30, 1945.

L. M. LLORENS COMPUTING AND LISTING MACHINE iginal Filed Aug. 14, 1937 '7 Sheets-Sheet 7 INVENI'OR LOUIS M. LLORENS ATTORNEYS Patented Jan. 30, 1945 COMPUTING AND LISTING MACHINE Louis M. Llorens, Great Barrington, Mass., as-

signor, by mesne assignments, to Swift Business Machines Corporation, Great Barrington, Mass.,-a corporation of Delaware Original application August 14, 1937, Serial No.

159,169. Divided and this application February 5, 1942, Serial No. 429,587

9 Claims.

(this invention pertains to computing machines, and its main object is to provide an improved computing and listing machine.

This application is a continuation of my application Ser. No. 159,169 filed August 14, 1937.

Some of the features of this improved machine are: a smaller size machine with less height thereby making it more comfortable to operate; an operating lever or handle with a much shorter stroke than in the machines now available; substantially immediate locking of the stop carriage in its various adjusted positions when the operating handle has been moved from its initial position; and the manner of setting the stop slides in a travelling carriage under control of the digit keys.

Further features and advantages will become apparent from the following description and claims when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the machine with the covers in place, disclosing the keyboard, operating lever, accumulator indicators, and printmg platen;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine with the covers and keyboard removed;

Fig. 3 is a cross-section, through 3-3 of Fig. 2. disclosing the accumulator section and keyboard operating mechanism;

Fig. 4 is a cross-section through 4-4 of Fig. 2 taken just inside the right-hand side frame of the machine, showing the keys and the associated travelling stop carriage mechanism and the operation control cam;

Fig. 5 is a plan section, taken on the line 55 of Fig. 4 showing the travelling stop carriage, accumulator racks, associated gears and accumulator wheels.

Fig. 6 is a cross-section, taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 4 showin the travelling stop carriage and its associated restoring and escapement mechanisms;

Fig. '7 is a detail of the accumulator operating arm and its associated mechanism;

Fig. 8 is a detail view of the driving arm and its associated operation control cam;

Fig. 9 is a detail of mechanism including the 7 plate for shifting the accumulator wheels;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged side view of an accumuiator shifting plate and its mounting on a mid frame;

Fig. 11 is a detail view of an accumulator gear, rack, totalizer gear, dial wheel and type sector;

Fig. 12 is a detail cross-section looking toward the right-hand side of the machine, showing the ribbon control mechanism, stop bar. restoring bail and travelling carriage restoring mechanism; and

Fig. 13 is a plan view of Fig. 12.

Referring to the drawings, the casing I0 (Fig. l) is provided with an aperture through which dial or numeral wheels ll may be read. At the rear of the machine is located a platen l6, paper roll l9, and type sectors 20 for printing the items and totals. Located in casing 2|, shown at the right rear corner of the machine, are the ribbon spools and their associated mechanism.

Extending through the right-hand side of easing I0 is the main drive shaft 30, to the end of which is secured a, short-stroke operating lever 22 normally in substantially horizontal position. The mechanism is contained between a pair of side frames 26 and 21 (Fig. 2) which are secured together at the base by a plate 25 spaced above the lower edges of the side frames 26 and 21, and at other points by tie rods 29, 3| and 32. Located between the side frames 26 and 21 is a mid-frame 28 (Fig. 2) which is secured to comb I03 and rod 104 (Fig. 3). The frames form bearings for various shafts of the mechanism.

Keyboard The keyboard of the machine comprises nine digit keys Ii, a zero key I2, and three operational or control keys, i. e., total key M, subtotal key 15, and "repeat key i6. The key shanks are formed of thin strip metal, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 6 and are positioned in slots formed in the plates 33 and 34. The plate 33 extends farther to the rear than plate 34, as

shown in Figs. 2 and 6, and also extends from one side to the other, and has a curved front portion which follows the contours of the top edges of the side frames. The plates 33 and 34 are secured together in spaced relation by two U-shaped brackets 35 (Fig. 6), to form a structure which may be removed from the machine as a unit.

The digit keys H are formed as shown in Figs. 2 and 6, each having a vertical shank extending through the plate 33 and a foot portion extending into the lower plate 34. Also formed integral with the shank of each of the digit keys is an arm 36, which is bent to extend toward the center of the key unit to overlie a bail 40 carried by a. pair of arms of a frame 38 fixed on shaft 38 as shown in Figs. 2 and 6. The arms 36 of the l, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 8" keys are bent to extend to the right (down, in Fig. 2)

and depending portions or key stops ll formed on the ends thereof. These arms II contact bail 40 at a point between the shank and the portion 4|. The arms 36 of the keys 3; 6 and 9." however, extend toward the left (up, in Fig. 2) and have flngers 44, extending beyond the portion I to contact the ball 40.

The "zero" key has a straight shank similar to the other digit keys, with the exception that in place of the arm II, the key is provided with a shoulder 42 (Figs. 2 and 4) adapted to cooperate with a lever ll secured to the shaft 38, and swing the ball 40 downwardly.

Travelling carriage with denominational slides settable b1! the digit keys Said ball 40 serves to control the operation of nine denominational or selecting slides 60 and of the escapement mechanism of a travelling stop carriage located beneath the keyboard and formed of two side frames or plates 65 and 56 (Figs. 4, 5 and 6) secured together at the front by a square bar 51 having slots therein to form a comb, and at the rear by a comb 58 having square teeth 50. The carriage is slidably mounted on said tie rods Ii and I2, free movement of the carriage on the rod 32 being assured by providing the carriage with a roller BI resting on this rod. The carriage is drawn to the left by a spring 6| connecting a lug on the frame 21 to a pin in the comb bar 58. Carried between the side frames 55 and 56 are rods 64 (Figs. 4 and 5) on which are slidably mounted the nine selecting slides 60, each (Fig. 4) having a slot receiving the rods 64 and being provided with a stop lug or shoulder 65 at the upper edge of the front end thereof, and a downwardly extending shoulder 8 at the lower edge of the rear end thereof.

Upon depression of a digit key ll (Figs. 2 and 4) the corresponding key stop 4| is positioned in the path of shoulder 65 on the selecting slide ill which is positioned below the stops I at this time. and the arm 38 or the finger ll. 'of the operated key, engages the bail 40, thereby depressing a finger ID of a U-shaped member ll (Figs. 2 and 3) into contact with a cam surface on the upper end of a long upwardly-extending arm of the latch member Cl, and rocking this in a counter-clockwise direction (Fig. 4) to remove a pawl I from the path of ratchet teeth in the lower edge of the slide 80. The slide ill thus freed moves rearwardly under the pull of a spring ll until the shoulder '5 contacts the depressed stop ll.

The stops 4| are so located that, when the shoulder 85 of a slide 0. is in contact with one of them. the associated pawl 81 rests on a flat surface between ratchet teeth until the stop 4| rises, due to the release of the depressed key. At that time the bar or slide 60 continues its rearward movement and pawl 61 contacts the next adjacent ratchet tooth, thereby assuring the correct setting and positive engagement of the pawl and ritchet teeth thus locking the bar so against rearward movement.

By providing the carriage with denominational slides II, the number of parts is much reduced, in that eighty-one pin stops are ordinarily required whereas in the instant machine only the nine slides iii are required.

Carriage feed and return mechanism 0n the rear arm of the bail I is a lug 12 which extends rearwardly and overlies an arm II (Figs. 3 and 6) rigidly mounted on the shaft 3| and urged in a clockwise direction by a spring II. The arm II has at its free end a lug II which overlies the tip of a spring-pressed dog ll pivoted on arm II, and this tip cooperates with the teeth 59 (Fig. 5) of comb 58 of the carriage. The lug II and the tip of the dog 16, and the teeth II, are included in latching and escapement means for the travelling carriage.

The slide carriage makes one step to the left for each depression of a key. Thus. if the numeral 235 is to be set on the machine, operation of the 2" key will cause the first selector or denominational slide 00 at the left to be set rearwardly two spaces and the travelling carriage to he stepped to the left one step; and operation of the "3 key will cause the next selector slide to the right to be positioned three spaces rearwardly from normal and the stop carriage to he stepped to the left one space; and operation of the 5" key will cause the selector slide to be positioned five spaces rearwardly from normal and the carriage to be moved to the next position to the left, where it comes to rest. In view of the fact that the machine disclosed contains nine stop slides I. numbers containing nine orders of digits may be set up in the carriage and later entered in the machine.

Referring to Fig. 6 it will be seen that during the downward travel of the bail ill, the lug I! contacts the upper edge of arm 13, thereby depressing the tip of dog ll below the edge of the associated tooth 59 and permitting the escapement or comb bar 58 and its associated carriage to move into contact with the lug II which has been pushed down toward the teeth where it is held until the depressed key is released. At that time the arm 13 is raised by spring 14, removing the lug 15 from the path of the obstructing tooth 59 and the tooth then rides over the tip of the dog ii and under the lug 15. When the edge of this tooth 59 is reached the dog 16 rises under the pull of a spring ll which connects the arm 11 and the dog", thereby bringing the tip of the dog 1 into the path of the next tooth 59 to the right, the carriage thus being stepped one space to the left.

In its travel from right to left, the carriage acts to effect a setting of the carriage return mechanism so that the return mechanism will be rendered effective by depression of the operating member 22 and return thereof to normal position. Pivoted at 8| to the frame plate 55 (Figs. 6 and 13) of the travelling carriage is an L-shaped link 82 which at its other 'end is pivotally connected to an arm of a horizontally arranged bellcrank 83 pivoted at 84 to the substantially horizontal transverse plate 25 of the main frame. At its right-hand end the plate 25 is cut away to permit a pin 85 in the other arm of the bellcrank to extend downwardly into the path of a part of a horizontally movable bar Ii (Fig. 13) pivotally connected at its rear end to a ball-crank I1 loosely mounted on the main drive shaft 3|. Pivotally mounted at the underside of the plate 25 is a roller 88 against which bar 86 is held by a spring 89 substantially parallel to said bar and attached at its rear to a short arm projecting from the pivoted end of the bar whereby the bar is urged forwardly by the spring. Bar I8 is formed with a rounded rearwardly-facing notch 90 adapted to engage pin 85. As will be brought out hereinafter the pin II in bell-crank I3 is controlled through link lil so that the return movement is adjusted to equal the feed movement.

In entering in the accumulator wheels a number set up by the keys, operating arm 22 is depressed and swings an arm 9| secured to the shaft 38. A pin 92 carried by arm 9| engages an ear 93 on bell-crank 81 and through a pivotal connection between the downwardly extending arm of bell-crank 81 and the rear end of bar 86, draws the bar rearwardly against the action of spring 89 until the end snaps off the roller 88 and comes into engagement with pin 85. Then as the operating handle 22 returns to its normal position, it releases the stressed spring 89 to advance the bar and cause the notch 98 to pick up the pin 85, thereby urging the bell-crank 83 to turn in a clockwise direction as viewed from above and through link 82 to return the carriage to the right to its normal position where it will be retained by the escapement mechanism. However, the return of the carriage to normal position before the handle has returned substantially to its normal position, is prevented by suitable locking means including a locking comb 94 which engages the lower edge portion of the side frame 55 of the travelling carriage during the operating and return movements of the operating arm or handle 22. It should be noted that most of the parts of the carriage return mechanism are so formed and assembled as to take up little space vertically.

Depression of the operating lever or arm 22 effects counter-clockwise movement of the shaft 38 as viewed in Fig. 4, and causes locking of the travelling carriage. The locking means includes said locking comb 94 movable into and out of engagement with the lower edge of said frame 55 of the travelling stop carriage. This comb 94 is pivotally mounted by means of a cross bar 95 (Fig. 3) and is urged to locking position by a spring 98. At one of its ends the comb is provided with an arm 96 (Fig. 4) which extends upwardly into the path of a pin 91 (Fig. 5) on a cam disc 2I5 fixed on a transverse shaft IM and serving as part of the control mechanism.

As shown in Fig. 4, a link 2I4 is pivotally connected at one end to disc 2I5 at the point 423, and at its other end is pivotally connected to the rearwardly extending arm 2I2 of a lever 422 secured to shaft 38. Another arm 2| I of said lever 422 extends downwardly and forwardly and is urged toward the front of the machine by a spring 2I3 which urges the lever 422 and the shaft 38 to turn in clockwise direction to normal position with operating handle 22 substantially horizontal. Depression of operating handle 22 will turn in counter-clockwise direction shaft 38, lever 422 and disc I5 thus relieving arm 98 from pressure by pin 91 and permitting locking comb 94 to be moved by spring 98 into locking engagement with side frame 55 of the travelling carriage. It should be understood that hook 218, subsequently described, is effective on arm 98 only during total and sub-total taking. It will be evident that the carriage will be locked against movement except when the handle 22 is near or at its normal position.

The disc 25 may be used as part of a full stroke device and for this purpose is provided at its lower edge with a series of serrations or notches 2I8 arranged in an arc of a circle about the axis of shaft I8I and adapted to be engaged by a spring-actuated pawl 2I1 (Fig. 8).

Accumulator-gear setting Accumulator gears I88 loosely mounted on shaft I8I are in mesh with generally horizontal racks I85 slidably mounted in slotted members I88 and I84, and said racks are arranged at the same denominational spacing as the slides 88 but are located at a lower level and at the left of the machine, so that the downwardly extending stop or shoulder 88 of each slide may be positioned behind an upwardly extending shoulder or stop of a T-shaped bead I82 with which each rack I85 is provided. As the carriage is fed to the left one step with each digit-setting of a slide 68, the downwardly extending shoulder 65 of a slide for which a digit key is depressed is to the rear of the corresponding upwardly extending shoulder on the head I82 of the slide I85 aligned therewith, and is spaced to the rear a number of steps corresponding to the digit key depressed. When the operating handle 22 is depressed the accumulator gears will be operated yieldingly to bring the upwardly extending shoulders of racks I85 into engagement with the downwardly extending shoulders of the .corresponding slides 88.

Such yielding means includes, adjacent to each accumulator gear, a type sector 28 also loosely mounted on shaft I8I. A pin I81 on each accumulator gear I88 extending into a hole I86 in each type sector limits the relative movement of the two members and a connecting spring II8 provides a resilient connection. Each type sector is urged to turnin a counter-clockwise direction (Fig. 11) by means of a spring I88, but all of the type sectors are normally held in the positions shown in Figs. 3 and 11 by a restoring bail II2 carried by arms III fixed on shaft I M. Upon depression of operating handle 22 the ball will release the type sectors and the corresponding springs will act to turn the type sectors and accumulator gears in counter-clockwise direction thus drawing racks I85 corresponding to operated slides 68, rearwardly until stopped by engagement with shoulders 66 of the slides.

This action would tend to draw to the rear all racks I85 to the left of the carriage and of the slides and thus produce a false settin of the corresponding accumulator gears or wheels. However, such improper action may be avoided by locking means which will now be described. For this purpose use is made of the downwardly projecting stops or shoulders of the T-shaped heads of slides I85, in connection with looking pawls 219 pivoted on rod or shaft and having at their lower edges forwardly-facing movementlimiting hooks loosely engaging a bail or rod 218a supported at its ends by comb 94, individual springs 282 urging upwardly the forward ends of the pawls which are provided with lugs 288 (Figs. '7 and 8) to engage the lower portions of the T- shaped heads I82. A cross bar 28I of the carriage limits the upward movement of the forward ends of all of these pawls 219 located under the carriage at any time, thereby preventing the locking in forward position, of any rack I85 under the carriage.

Totalizer Totalizer gear wheels H5 and their individual dial or numeral wheels I'I (Fig. 11) are loosely mounted on a shaft I I5a secured in plates or end members H3 and H4 (Fig. 2) of a frame which also includes cross rods II8 (Fig. 11) and I23. Said plates or end members H3 and H4 are mounted for oscillation on cross rod II8 (Figs. 2, 9 and 11) and plate I I4 is provided with a cam slot H8 or which the edges are engaged alternately by a pin II1 adjustably secured to a slidable member or plate 238. For such adjustability,

the pin I" may be mounted eccentrically on a screw member secured in said plate.

Said plate 233 is at the left of said frame 23 and is mounted for substantially horizontal movement by means of stud shafts 223 and 223 pro- .iecting therefrom through slots 222 and 229 in said mid-frame. stud shaft 223 being at the rear end of plate 230 and stud shaft 223 being at the front end thereof. Movement of plate 230 toward the front of the machine causes pin I I1 to engage edge III of the cam slot and swing the frame in a clockwise direction about rod III to bring the totalizer gears into engagement with the drive gears I00. Movement of plate 230 in the opposite direction, that is to the rear, causes pin II1 to engage the edge II9 of the slot H9 and cam the gears I I5 out of engagement with drive gears I00.

For moving plate 230, use may be made of a link 223. pivotally mounted at its rear end on stud shaft 223 and located at the opposite Side of the mid-frame 23 from the plate 230. At its forward end the link 223 is pivoted to the lower end of a link 225 which in turn is pivoted at its upper end to a lever 221 mounted on said stud shaft 229 and having a flat rear end which is normally positioned in the path of a pin 220 mounted on disc 2I5. When the cam disc 2I5 is rotated counter-clockwise as a result of depression of operating handle 22, said pin 220 (Figs. 4 and 8) engages the lever 221 and moves toward the front of the machine the stud shaft 223, the links 223 and 225 and theplate 230 (Fig. 9). The plate 230 i engaged and held in this forward position by a spring-pressed detent 250 (Figs. 9 and 10) on the frame 20, thus yieldably holding the totalizer wheels in mesh with the accumulator or drive gears I00. Upon movement of plate 230 to the rear detent 250 will yield and then return to a position to hold the totalizer wheels out of mesh with the wheels I03.

The intermeshing condition is reached near the end of the operating stroke, that is near the end of the first half cycle. During the return stroke of handle 22, the cam disc 2I5, the operated drive gears I and the operated type sectors return to normal, the cam disc 2I5 rotating clockwise until pins 2I3 and 220 are in the position of Fig. 6. It should be noted that during the operating stroke of the handle 22 all of the racks I03 except those corresponding to selected slides 30 are locked in their forward positions against rearward movement and hold the corresponding gears I00 against rotation. However, racks I35 corresponding to selected slides are drawn to the rear distances corresponding to the selected depth by the gears I00 and when, after the totalizer gears are brought into mesh with the accumulator gears, the return stroke of the handle occurs, the accumulator wheels corresponding to the rearwardly shifted racks I will turn suiilciently to move the selected racks back to their normal positions and will at the same time turn the totalizer gears II5 to extents corresponding to the selected digits. At the beginning of the next cycle, the pin 2I3 eng n s a shoulder 23I on link 224, thereby shifting the plate 230 rearwardly and camming the totalizer gear wheels out of mesh with the accumulator or drive gears.

Carry over mechanism Carryoverfrom any totaiizer gear III to the next higher gear, may be effected by any suitable means. but the means about to be described was Secured to the sleeve I9I is designed especially for the machine embodying the present invention.

Secured to each totalizer gear III in any suitable manner Isa disc I21 which is provided with a carry lug and zero stop I20 (Fig. 11). Extending into the path of the lug I29 is a carry arm I33 loosely pivoted on a cross shaft I3I carried by the side frame 21 and mid frame 23. Loosely mounted on a cross shaft I32 is a series of L-shaped arms I33 each having a right angle lug I34 at the top thereof and overlying the carryover of the next higher order. In normal position the lug I34 rests against the shoulder I29 on arm I33. Both associated arms I30 and I33 (Fig. 11) have U-shaped bases to provide steadier mountin: on their respective shafts and are connected by a spring I35. If a digit is run into a. totalizer gear and there has already been entered a digit such that the sum is more than nine, the carry lug I" will cam the arm I30 down, releasing the lug I34 from. the shoulder I29 and permitting the spring I35 to rotate the L-shaped arm or bellcrank I33 out of the path of the lug I33 on the rack of the next higher order. Thus the rack when returned goes forward a distance corresponding to one tooth on a drive gear and a one will be added or run into the accumulator gears.

The totalizer gears II 5, while out of engagement with the drive gears, are held from rotation by stops at the ends of teeth I24 of a comb I20 and extending at right angles thereto. A coil spring I20 (Fig. 2) connected to the frame II 3 and the comb I20 urges the comb counterclockwise to engage gears I I5 and hold them from rotation.

Slide restoring means The restoration of the denominational slides 30 to their normal forward positions will now be described. A ball I36 (Figs. 4 and 12) for restoring the selecting slides to their normal for ward positions, extends through the guide slots of said slides and just to the left (Fig. 4) of the forward guide rod 54. At its ends the bail I33 is connected to short links which at their forward ends are pivotally connected to the upper ends of arms I31 which are pivoted at their lower ends on stud shafts I46 and are connected by a transverse member I39 preferably integral therewith and serving to make them move together. A coil spring I41 having one end bearing against the cross member 25 and the other against said cross or transverse member I39, urges said arms to swing in a clockwise direction (Fig. 3) to limiting positions against the tie rod 3|.

Pivotally connected to the right hand arm I31 is a link I10 (Fig. 12) provided at the lower side of its rear end with a shoulder I1I adapted to cooperate with a pin I12 on a lever I loosely pivoted on a sleeve I9I secured to shaft 33. an arm I92 having a lost motion connection with lever I90 comprising a pin I93 carried by arm I92 and extending into a hole in lever I93 large enough to permit lost motion. A bell crank 351 (Fig. 12) pivoted at 353 carries a pin 359 which engages a for-. wardly extending arm 363 integral with arms I92, and is provided with a lug 392 engaging the lower edge of link I10.

Depression of arm or handle 22, rotates shaft 30 in a clockwise direction (Fig. 12) and arm 393 swings downwardly and allows the rearwardly extending arm of the bell crank 351 to move downwardly into engagement with comb I03 and also the lug 362 to move downwardly and,

permit the link I to rest on the pin I12. The pin I93 takes up the lost motion in the hole I94 and rotates the lever I90 and pin I12 in a clockwise direction-until the pin is behind shoulder IN on link I 10. This action stretches spring I 95 connected to the rearwardly extending "arm of lever I90 and also to the cross member or bar I15 at the lower part of the machine, and

stores up energy for use in operating the sliderestoring bail I36 during the return stroke of arm 22, and tends to rock the restoring bail in clockwise direction (Fig. 12) and to restore operated stop slides 60 to their normal positions.

The power to move the bail I36 to restore the slides 60 is thus derived from spring I95 which is put under tension as the handle 22 makes its forward stroke. During the return stroke of handle 22 the spring is released under control of the handle and due to the lost motion connection,

restoration should be completed before the handle reaches its normal position. Of course the spring I95 is stronger than the spring I41 and finally restores the operated slides 60 to their normal position. During the restoring action the pin I12 (Fig. 12) is in engagement with the notch Ill of link I10 but upon movement of the bail to its extreme forward position the link I10 is disengaged from pin I12 by means of lug 362. It should also be understood that in order for the operated slides to be restored to normal position the corresponding racks I05 must be restored to normal positions in connection with the running of the selected number into the totalizer.

Printing mechanism Although any suitable printing mechanism may be used in cooperation with the type sectors 20. certain features of the printing mechanism designed particularly for this machine are disclosed.

The type digits I 50 are arranged along the type sectors with the zeros at the top, and their planes of movement are in alignment with the accumulator gears I 00. The type sectors 20 constitute part of the mechanism for setting the accumulator gears I00 and from the time when a type sector 20 is raised to place its zero digit at the printing line, the sector and the corresponding accumulator gear retain such a connection that. they assume the corresponding settings at all times until the type sector is returned to its normal position.

While the type sectors are in position for entering the amount set up by use of th keyboard, the platen I8 is moved to bring paper passing thereover from the roll I9, into engagement with type I50 on the type sectors through an ink ribbon. The platen I8 is carried by a shaft I 49 which can be turned by a knob or finger wheel I61 at one end or by means including a ratchet I60 at its other end. For this movement the shaft I49 is rotatably mounted in arms I5I and I52 (Fig.

1) which in turn may be mounted on cross shaft 29. These arms I5I and I52 are connected to the rear ends of links I62 pivoted at their forward ends to arms III carrying bail II2 which cooperates with the type sectors. By means of said links I62 the platen I8 is swung to printing position as the handle 22 approaches the end of its downward movement. 1

A spindle I14 is secured to a base plate I15 carried on the cross shaft 29 (Fig. 20) and on this spindle is slidably mounted a sleeve on which are positioned two ribbon spools connected to pivoted in said arm I8I.

other, by a spring I91 fixed to arm I8 I. 'wheel actuates the associated toothed disk and opposite ends of the ribbon. Each of the spools comprises a hub and circular plates or discs I18 and I19 which are provided at their edges with ratchet teeth. Mounted for oscillation on the sleeve is a bell crank I80 (Figs. 12 and 13) to which is pivotally secured an arm I8I (Fig. 13) having at opposite ends thereof star wheels I82 and I83 secured to the ends of a common shaft The spools and the bell crank I80 are located between the arms of a frame I85 carried by the sleeve on the spindle I14, and are held in frictional engagement by a spring I88. A lever I81 pivotally mounted on shaft 30 and actuated by pin I 81a on the total key I4 raises or lowers the ribbon when the total or sub-total mechanism is actuated.

The star wheels I82 and I83 are fixed to their common shaft with their teeth in staggered relation whereby one wheel can be yieldingly held in a position to be operative on the corresponding disc of discs I18 and I19 and the other will be held in inoperative position with respect to the One star spoolfuntil the end of the ribbon is reached, whereupon the engaging star wheel will be rotated against the resistance due to the spring I91 and the other star wheel will come into action thus reversing the ribbon feed.

Zero non-print mechanism With the mechanism disclosed in the foregoing, operating movement of the handle 22 will advance type sectors of all denominations in which no digits have beenindexed, to positions to print zeros not only in the number itself but also to the left of the highest significant digit, which is undesirable.

If any significant digit has been indexed to control a certain rack I05, that rack will start rearwardly as soon as lever 22 is operated. The rearward movement of the rack will cam down the corresponding lever 200 and as the ball 2 is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction the corresponding type-sector 20 will follow. As the corresponding lever 200 swings downwardly about shafts 20I (Fig. 3), a pin 203 on the lever 200 engages the hook member 204 on a lever (Fig. 3)

and draws it downwardly to rotate the lever clockwise about the pivot at its top andcarries a shoulder thereon out of the path of lug 208 on the type sector whereby the type sector rotates under control of a corresponding accumulator gear I00. When a zerois to be entered to the right of the one just described, the lever 200 will engage arm 209 of lever 200 and cause it to be ing of a zero would cause locking of the cor- Repeat key control If one item is to be listed more than once, the 7 repeat key I6 is depressed and a lug 350 thereon engages an upturned lug 351 of an upright slide 352 (Figs. 2 and 12) slidably mounted on studs 353 on frame 21, anddepresses the slide against the resistance of spring 354. In this downward movement of slide 352 brings a lug 355 thereon into engagement with a forwardly extending arm 388 of the bell crank 381 pivoted upon the stud 383, and also carries a cam-faced lug 383 into engagement with bar 88. The lug 358 rocks bellcrank 381 in a clockwise direction and the lug 362 on bellcrank 381 raises the link I18 to a position where it will remain until the repeat key is released.

The downward stroke of the lever 22 will swing the pin I12 rearwardly but on the return stroke the pin I12 will not engage the shoulder on the link I18 and will not restore the stops or slides 88. Also, upon operation of the repeat key, the lug 383'will cam the bar 88 out of the path of pin 88 (Fig. 13), thereby disabling the carriage return mechanism.

Taking of totals and sub-totals For these operations the totalizer gears are in mesh with the accumulator gears during the first half of the operation cycle and out of mesh during the second half cycle.

Depression of the total key I4 causes an arm 232 (Figs. 2 and 4) thereon to move a pin 233 cooperating with a lever 221. Depression of key I4 to take a total causes the lowering of lever 221 and consequent lowering of link 225 and lever 224 (Fig. 7). its raised position by means of a spring 238a at the opposite side of i'rame or plate 28 in engagement with a pin 221a projecting from lever 221 through a suitable opening in the plate 28.

Secured to the link 225 is a pin 215 (Fig. 7) adapted to engage a slotted portion of an arm 218 pivoted to the frame 28 at 211 and provided with a. hook portion 218 provided to engage the upper end of the arm 88 during the total-taking operation. The lowering of the link 225 by depression of the total key lowers said pin 215 and consequently arm 218 so that hook portion 218 engages arm 88 and locks pawls 213 against movement to effective position, thus leaving racks I85 free for rearward movement.

Pivotally mounted on the same shaft 228 as lever 221 and on the opposite side of the frame or plate 28 is a hook-shaped lever or link 235 which rests on pin 221a. Depression of the total key I4 causes depression of lever 221 and pin 221a, and permits hooked arm 235 to drop to the dotted line position in Fig. 15 with its hooked end in position to be engaged by arm 238 fixed on shafts I8I.

In a total-taking cycle of operation by the handle 22, the totalizer gears II are in mesh with the accumulator gears I88 during the first half cycle. In the ordinary item-entering operations, the totalizer gears remain in mesh with the accumulator or drive gears and are not thrown out of mesh until the beginning of the next cycle of operation under control of the handle 22 when pin 2I8 on disc 2I5 engages shoulder 23I on link 224 and shifts plate 238 to the rear, the lever 221 being in raised position and holding link 224 in its raised position with shoulder 23I in the path 01' pin 2I8. After depression of lever 221 by means of the total key I4, shoulder 23I will be out of the path of pin 2I8 and the totalizer gears will remain in mesh with the accumlator gears during the first half cycle.

Thus as the handle 22 is given its operating stroke, the totalizer gears and wheels will rotate until zero stops I28 reach the carry arm I38 and the type sectors are held in position to print a total, the totalizer dials being turned to cleared or zero positions. As the shaft I8I continues to turn in a clockwise direction (Fig. 9), the end of The lever 221 is normally held in by detent 258.

In taking a sub-total the totalizer gears remain in mesh with the drive gears throughout a com plete cycle of operation by the handle 22, whereby after setting the type sectors to print the subtotal, the sub-total is returned into the totalizer. To-obtain the sub-total, the sub-total key I5 is depressed. This key has a rearwardly extending arm provided with a shoulder 248 to engage a heel 242 on total key I4 and depress key i4.

A slidable latch 268 (Fig. 2) on plate 34 serves to lock the total and sub-total keys in depressed positions by means of hooks 28I and 282 projecting upwardly from the latch to engage pins 263 and 284, respectively, The latch 288 is urged forwardly by spring 285 which yields upon depresson of either key to locking position.

The taking of a sub-total differs from the taking of a total, in that the totalizer gears are kept in mesh with the accumulator or drive gears during the second half of the cycle of operation by handle 22, and in this machine the desired resuit is obtained by maintaining hook member 235 in raised position out of the path of arm 238 during the second half cycle. This effect is produced by providing the arm 2 extending rearwardly from sub-total key I5 with a pin 243 overlying a tail 244 on hook member 235 to the rear of stub shaft 228, whereby depression of key I5 raises lTOOk member 235 out of the path of arm 238, thereby preventing disconnection of the totalizer gears during the second half of the cycle.

Resetting of total and sub-total keys Referring to Fig. 4, the total key I4 and the sub-total key are released from latch 288 by means including a link 286, of which the forward end is pivoted at 281 to the latch 268 and the rearward end is in the form of a hook positioned above a pin 288 on the disc H5. The counterclockwise rotation of disc 2I5 will cause pin 288 to pass beneath the hook portion of the link, and a following clockwise rotation of disc 2I6 will cause pin 288 to engage the hook of link 286 and draw the link rearwardly, thus releasing the pins 283 and 284 and permitting restoration of keys I4 and I5 to their normal positions, and upward swing of arm 218.

Operation Starting with the stop carriage in its right hand position successive depression of digit keys II corresponding to digits of a number will set the corresponding slides 88 distances to the rear corresponding to the values of the digits and, following each setting of a slide, the carriage will be fed one step to the left to place the last selected slide in alignment with the right-hand rack I in mesh with an accumulator wheel I88, and a downwardly extending shoulder on the rear end of the slide behind an upwardly extending shoulder on the front end of the rack.

The carriage in its movement to the left acts through a link 82 to set a pin 85 so that the return movement will be just the same as the leftward movement of the carriage.

After the number to be run into the totalizer has been indexed by means of the slides 68, the handle 22 is depressed. Substantially upon starting this movement the totalizer gears H! are withdrawn from engagement with the accumulator wheel I00. At substantially the same time, the pin 91 on the cam disc 2I5 is moved downwardly to release arm 93 and permit comb 94 to rise and engage frame member 55 of the carriage and hold the carriage against accidental movement. Also release of arm 98 tends to cause pawls 219 to swing upwardly and by means of lugs 289 to lock racks I05 against rearward movement. However, cross bar 28l of the carriage limits the upward movement of pawls 219 thereunder and thus prevents the locking of any racks positioned under the carriage, that is racks aligned with selected slides.

During the remainder of the operating movement of the handle 22, spring devices are stressed and substantially at the end of this movement are connected to the carriage return mechanism and the slide-restoring mechanism. However.

the carriage return mechanism cannot operate until the comb 95 releases the carriage substantially at the end of the return stroke of the handle 22 and all other parts have been restored.

Substantially at the end of the operating stroke the totalizer gears H5 are moved into mesh with the accumulator gears I09, and during the return movement of the handle 22, the gears I corresponding in denomination to the selected slides 80 are turned through a corresponding number of steps to return the racks to normal settings and drive the totalizer gears through a corresponding number of steps.

The operated slides 60 are released by restoration to normal position of the racks I but are not restored themselves until picked up by the bail I36 which is still under control by the handle 22. After all Other parts have been placed in condition for indexing of another number and the handle 22 is substantially at the end of its return stroke, the comb 94 is lowered and the carriage-return means operates.

The foregoing description of operation is directed to mechanism embodyin the more important parts of the invention herein involved but other parts are so closely related thereto as to render desirable the following description of operation.

The printing is effected simultaneously at the end of the forward stroke of the handle.

Depression of the total key I4 preparatory to taking a total depresses arm 232 and pin 233 thereon, said pin acting to depress lever or arm 221. Such downward movement of arm 221 lowers link 225 and pin 215 thereon so that book member 218 engages arm 99 and prevents looking of racks I05 in forward position and lowers link or lever 224 so'as to move shoulder 231 out of the path of pin 2|8 thereby preventing withdrawal of totalizer gears H5 from accumulator gears I09. Then a forward stroke of the handle 22 will turn the totalizer dials back to zero and set the type sectors 20 in position to print the total upon advance of the platen at the end of the forward stroke. Such downward movement of lever 221 allows hook 235 (Fig. 9) to move downwardly into the path of arm 236 on shaft Hll. Near the end of the first half cycle the arm 236 moves under the end of the hook lever 235 and at the beginning of the second half cycle moves in the opposite direction and engages the hook end of lever 235 and acting therethrough on stud shaft 229 shifts plate 230 rearwardly and disconnects the totalizer gears from the accumulators, leaving the totalizer gears set at zero. Also the depressed total key will be released by means including hooked link 2" (Fig. 4) and the hooked arm or lever 218 will be raised and release arm 96 controlling latches 219.

In taking a sub-total, the operation differs from total taking only in that the totalizer gears are kept in mesh with the'accumulator Bears during the return movement of the handle 22 and the sub-total is run back into the totalizer. This change is produced by lifting hooked lever 23! so as to be out of the path of arm 2", by depression of tail 2 of hooked, lever 235 by an overlying pin 243 carried by arm 2 extending rearwardly from sub-total key l5.

It should be understood that various changes may be made and that various features may be I used without others. without departing from the true scope and spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. In a calculating machine, a differential mechanism, a stop carriage for controlling the operation of said differential mechanism, escapement mechanism for said carriage, a locking comb to cooperate with said carriage in its different lateral positions for locking said carriage against lateral movement, said comb being mounted to move into and out of locking position, spring means urging said comb to locking position, a member fixed to said comb for retracting said comb against said spring means, a pin normally engaging said member to hold the comb in retracted position, and an operating handle for operating said differential mechanism during a forward and return stroke and moving said pin to release said member at the beginning of the forward stroke and to return the pin at the end of the return stroke to withdraw the comb.

2. In a calculating machine a series of digit keys, a differential mechanism whose position is controlled by said keys, a stop carriage, escapement mechanism for moving said carriage step by step under operation of said keys in setting up a number, an operating handle having a forward stroke and a return stroke for moving said differential mechanism to an extent determined by the stops in said carriage, a spring for returning said carriage to normal position, means operatively related to said handle to put said spring under tension during the forward stroke of said handle, means for holding said spring under tension during the forward stroke of said handle and during a large portion of the reutrn stroke thereof, and means for releasing said holding means as the handle completes its return stroke. I

3. In a calculating machine, a series of digit keys, a differential mechanism whose position is controlled by said keys, a stop carriage, escapement mechanism for moving said carriage step by step under operation of said keys in setting up a number, an operating handle having a forward stroke and a return stroke for moving said differential mechanism to an extent determined by the stops in said carriage, a spring for returning said carriage to normal position, means operatively related to said handle to put said spring under tension durin the forward stroke of said handle, means for locking said carriage against lateral movement in either direction during movement of said differential mechanism by said handle and means for releasing said look as the handle completes its return stroke to permit said spring to return said carriage to normal position.

4. In a calculating machine, a series of digit keys, 0. diiferential mechanism whose position is controlled by said keys, a stop carriage, escapement mechanism for moving said carriage step by step under operation of said keys in setting up a number, an operating handle having a forward stroke and a return stroke for moving said differential mechanism to an extent determined by the stops in said carriage, a spring for returning said carriage to normal position, means operatively related to said handle to put said spring under tension during the forward stroke of said handle, a comb for locking said carriage against lateral movement in either direction during movement of said diiferential mechanism by said handle, said comb preventing said carriage return spring from acting while said comb is operative and means controlled from the handle for moving the comb to inoperative position as the handle completes its return stroke to thereby release the carriage and permit the return spring to return the carriage to normal position.

6.'In a calculating machine, a series of digit keys, differential mechanism including a series of racks whose position is determined by said keys, a stop carriage having a series of slides therein settable selectively by said keys, means for moving said carriage step by step under operation of said keys to align said stop slides with said racks, a latch for each rack for holding any rack against movement, a spring for each latch to move a latch to rack holding position, a locking comb cooperating with said carriage for looking it against lateral movement, a bail rod movable with said comb for controlling said rack latches, and means on said carriage for selectively controlling the movement of said latches in accordance with the movement of the carriage.

6. In a computing machine, a series of digit keys, a carriage movable step by step under control of said keys, a series of stop slides in said carriage each diflerentially positionable under control of said keys, an operating shaft having a forward stroke and a return stroke, a bail having a normal position permitting said slides to be diflerentially positioned and movable to reset said slides, a spring for moving said ball to normal position, a stronger spring for moving said bail to slide restoring position, means to store power in said stronger spring during the forward stroke of said shaft, and means for rendering such stored power eifective to move said bail to restoring position and then render said strong spring ineffective on said bail to permit restoration to normal position by the first mentioned spring.

be diflerentially positioned and movable to reset said slides, a spring for moving said ball to normal position, a stronger spring for moving said ball to slide restoring position and means to store power in said strongerspring during the forward stroke of said shaft, and means for permitting said stronger spring to restore said slides as the handle nears the end of its return stroke and subsequently permitting said weaker spring to restore the bail to normal position.

8. In a calculating machine, a series of digit keys, differential mechanism including a series of denominational racks, a stop carriage supporting diflerentially settable denominational stops, escapement mechanism for moving said carriage step by step under operation of said keys in setting up a number and aligning the stops with the racks, an operating handle having a forward and a return stroke for moving said racks in accordance with the stops set in said carriage, a latch for each rack for holding it against movement yieldably urged to its effective position. a rocking frame comprising an element normally retaining all of said latches in their ineifective position, means yieldably urging said rocking frame in a direction to render said latches effective on said racks, means on said carriage for preventing locking action by latches aligned with denominational stops on said carriage, a controlling arm on said frame, a member normally engaging said arm to hold said frame and said latches in ineil'ective position, and means operated by said operating handle at the beginning of its forward stroke to withdraw the arm-engaging member and permit rocking of said frame and advance of the latches to latching position and to return said arm-engaging member, said rocking frame and said latches to their normal position at the end of its return stroke.

9. In a machine according to claim 8, wherein a total control ke is provided, and wherein latching means operated by said key is provided to prevent movement of said arm in a totaling cvcle when the same is released by said engaging member.

LOUIS M. LLORENS. 

